Pandoc version: 1.15.2
If the #+NAME attribute isn't specified for a figure, the corresponding figure does not get properly centered in LaTeX/beamer output.

Here's a MWE:

#+CAPTION: Your caption here
#+NAME: 
[[img.png]]

Generates this:

\begin{frame}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics{img.png}
\caption{Your caption here}
\end{figure}

but

#+CAPTION: Your caption here
[[img.png]]

generates

\begin{frame}
\includegraphics{img.png}
\end{frame}

I'd classify this as a bug in the Org reader: Pandoc doesn't have a figure type, so it marks images as a figures using special attributes. Even if NAME is missing, the reader correctly recognizes that this should be a figure, but fails to set the necessary attributes to signal this fact to the writer.

If somebody wants to make a pull request for this within the next 9 hours: this should be fixable with a simple change in line 631. Otherwise I'll fix it later or tomorrow.

Thank you for reporting this bug, @pmagwene

@tarleb -- Thanks for the quick fix!